შოთა რუსთაველის საქართველოს ეროვნული სამეცნიერო ფონდი

Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia

For Science, for Future, for Georgia

საქართველოს განათლებისა და მეცნიერების სამინისტრო
GE

Successful projects and scientists

Development of New Energy Saving Technologies in order to solve the problems of supply of drinking water in urban areas of mountainous regions of Georgia

The project describes potable water supply of those urban territories, which are located in the arid zone, which represents a problem not only for Georgia, but also for the world. In the conditions of the global warming, the demand on potable water is gradually increasing.

The main target of the project is to work out new power saving technologies, which ensures the water supply of urban territories.

In the first place we worked out the method for finding prospective water intake in the river valleys which are built with rocks of alluvial and prolluvial structure, which plays a decisive role in the development of power saving technologies and which involves the investigation of geo-morphological, geological, hydro-geological, hydrological factors, and chemical and physical properties of water, climate factors, etc. According to the mentioned method, the water accumulated in the valley shall be supplied to the settled area using a self-flow mechanism.

As long as potable water problem is especially active in the towns and villages of Kakheti, the field and reconnaissance works according to the mentioned method were carried out in the valleys on the north-east slopes of the Tsiv-Gombori Ridge.

The surveys revealed that such alluvia and prolluvial structure prevails in the valley of the Cheremiskhevi River. From the absolute elevations between 647.73-650.51 meters potable water may be supplied to Gurjaani via self-flow.

In accordance with the tasks planned in the scientific projects for obtaining grants, geological and hydrogeological works were carried out on the study site. The central and exploration and exploitation water wells were arranged on the first terrace of the Cheremiskhevi River. Appropriate maps were also made (topographic, geologic, engineering-geologic, hydro-geologic and hydrologic), including the lithological sections. There were two different layers selected as a result of drilling works. From the mentioned layer soil samples were extracted and they were tested in the laboratory for defining their geo-technical properties, as a result of which it was defined the water containing alluvial-prolluvial rubble and pebbly-gravelly soils are spread to the depth of 5.0 meters, which are underlain by Neocene grayish-blue water non-permeable clays.

Test pumping were carried out in the central and exploration and exploitation water wells, which gave us interesting and important results. Filtration ratio K, and discharge parameters Q were determined, as well as ground water circulation velocity and the changes of their levels in the wells. As a result of field and hydro-geological investigations it may be concluded that there are significant underground water horizons in the alluvial and prolluvia structure if the Cheremiskhevi riverbed.

Investigation of drinkable properties of filtered waters existed in the alluvial and prolluvial deposits of the Cheremiskhevi River valley was carried out in the field and laboratory conditions. As a result of investigations it was defined that the water were hydro-carbonate calcium and that the chemical and physical content of waters taken in this period complied with the requirements of Technical Regulation of Potable Water approved by an Ordinance N 58 of 15 January 2014 of the Government of Georgia. According to bacteriological surveys conducted in March, December and July 2016 it turned out that the water was polluted, although after taking some water treatment measures, the water will meet the requirements under the above mentioned standard.

On the basis of all above mentioned surveys, a new power saving technology, named: “Water Intake Structure underneath the Riverbed” was developed (the invention was patented), which accumulates water in alluvial and prolluvial geo-structures existed in the rivers with permanent (continuous) or temporary discharge, which excludes the electricity expenses and which is economically far more effective than those which are currently approved – the artesian water intake wells.